Chlorination of water with high dosages in raw water is always not
recommended as the raw water needs to be fed to various other utilities in the
plant area, wherein the high chlorine levels are not acceptable.
Moreover this also leads to increase in Ionic load of water in turn
increasing the TDS levels in raw water. Higher TDS levels affect the
performance of D M Plant.
Pathogens are water borne organisms and cannot survive or grow without
water. It is very difficult to analyze/detect pathogens in free flowing water.
However when a vast surface area is provided in favorable moist conditions
pathogens start breeding. This vast surface area is provided with ideal
conditions for the growth in Anion exchanger of D M plant.
Our ambient tropic temperatures of 30 to 35 deg & PH levels of 8 to 10 in Anion exchanger
act as a perfect host for pathogens to multiply.
A single pathogen entering in the D M Plant from Raw water will get
itself lodged on the vast surface area of anion exchanger & with its ideal conditions of growth
will start multiplying & sending out colonies of pathogens in D M water
leaving the column.
Now the grab sampling of raw water carried out on regular basis cannot
be indicative result of water passing into the system for the whole day, i.e.
there are always chances that a entry of pathogens (which are water borne
&cannot survive without water) into the system. This cannot be prevented
without having an effective full proof treatment scheme prior to D M plant to
ensure the absence of pathogens from raw water.
Ozone being the strongest oxidizing agent will ensure complete
Disinfection of water & ensure the
water entering into D M Plant is free from pathogens.
We have very briefly described below the Ozone system being offered for
Disinfection of water from pathogens along with the health & safety data
sheets of Ozone for your kind reference.
Technical write up for Ozone Disinfection System
HOW OZONE IS MADE
Oxygen molecules (O2)
are split when passed through a gap formed by a high voltage electrode,
dielectric and ground electrode. High voltage, at high frequency, is then
applied to the electrodes. The plasma formed in the gap is known as a Corona
Discharge, and it is here that some of the oxygen molecules split and recombine
to form ozone:
O2 + energy → 2
O●
O● + O2 → O3
HOW OZONE WORKS
Ozone is an unstable compound, and may
react in a simple oxidation where on molecule splits off or in a reaction
called Criegee mechanism where all three oxygen molecules are used. In most
inorganic reactions only one atom of the ozone molecule enters into the
oxidation; the other two are released as molecular oxygen. Ozone reacts readily
with unsaturated organic compounds, adding all three oxygen atoms at the double
or triple bond. I addition, ozone can act as a powerful disinfectant, rupturing
the cell wall to inactivate bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.
Introduction to Ozone
Ozone is an allotropic form of oxygen
(O3) and after Fluorine is the strongest oxidant. It is the most powerful
natural air and water sanitizer readily available. Being a powerful oxidizer it
can kill a wide variety of Viruses, Bacteria and other Toxins. It also
oxidizes, Phenols, Pesticides, Detergents and Aromatic compounds effectively.
Ozone is created naturally in the earth atmosphere. It surrounds the
Earth at an altitude between 60,000 and 100,000 feet. It is created in nature
when ultraviolet energy causes Oxygen atoms to recombine in groups of three.
Ozone is also formed by action of an electrical Discharge in the atmosphere and
so is often created by Lightening. That’s why air smells fresh just after a
Lightening.
An Ozone generator uses the same principle, as that of nature’s to
create ozone. In an enclosed electrode, oxygen is split into nascent oxygen
using electrical discharge. This broken down oxygen atoms recombines to become
stable oxygen again but some of it recombines as ozone. This ozone is taken out
from the electrode and injected in the water stream. The electrode is the heart
of ozonator system. It should have excellent cooling. The ozone generation is
affected adversely when the operating temperature goes up. The electrode is
given a high voltage and high frequency current. There is a control circuit to
deliver the required voltage to the electrode
A typical ozone generator will have an air preparation unit or an
oxygen concentrator, ozone cell and the ozone delivery system. The air
preparation unit consists of an air dryer, air filter etc. the dried compressed
air is then taken to the electrode where a very small part of the oxygen is
converted to ozone. The mixture of ozone and air is then taken out using ozone
resistant tubing and injected into water. The injection is done using either a
venturi or a sparger.
